Citizen Kane in a Century

The film most likely to be seen and reviewed one hundred years from now is Citizen Kane. The reason Citizen Kane will most likely withstand the next century above the others is the timelessness the concept of the film carries. Based on the media tycoon William Randolph Hearst, the film conveys the sense that the media is controlled by the few with the most money and the most power, a concept that lends itself especially well to film in terms of plot development and tension. Plot and tension garner a large audience that might not otherwise be united on what makes a successful film.For instance, Welles’ use of then-innovative cinematic techniques might be the wedge between an average movie-goer and a film critic, but the use of these techniques added dimension to the plot and tension in ways that previously been unexplored. Now seen as part of the cinematic canon, low camera angles make Kane’s character appear larger-than-life, adding to the dramatic tension. Facial close -ups also added to film’s mood, as the audience became enmeshed in the complexity of the characters and what happened to them.The use of flashbacks was also innovative, telling a story onscreen in a then-unconventional way, adding layers and giving the audience cues into the nature of Kane’s rise to the top of the journalism field, the power and wealth it allowed him, and the crushing fall the fickleness of the media to which he was pushed. Citizen Kane will survive the coming century because it broke ground in narrative technique as well as cinematic creativity, paving the way for all the other films viewed this semester. Martha Stewart: The New Kane?Citizen Kane updated for the times would ambitiously look at the rise, fall, and subsequent rise of home-decorating mogul Martha Stewart. The star would be Cate Blanchett, as she would fit the role physically as well as act the role remarkably. Hilary Swank would play Stewart’s daughter, Alexis, and her husband, An dy, would be Robert Downey Jr. Extensive research would be done, of course, to make the parallels between the real life person on which the film is based and the fictional character representing that person.The title character would be Ruth Helen Kane so as to keep the original film title in tact, to keep the parallel somewhat acute (Stewart’s middle name is Helen), and to play on the word ruthless. The film would be shot using the same cinematic techniques in the same way as Welles used in his original film—heavy use of flashbacks, facial close ups, low camera angles, extended and uninterrupted scenes, subjective use of lighting, and focus shots. The difference would be that the film would not end with the character in jail, but would follow the steady rise back into her original position of power.Martha Stewart as subject would testify to the short attention span of the public today, as well as insinuate that power and wealth make everyone forget the past, alluding t o the 1984 Orwell ominously warned us about. This remake of the 1941 classic film would stay true to the original in the exploration of power and corruption but resonate with audiences today because of the obsession with celebrities and a desire to see them disgraced. Personality and CharacterWoody Allen is a personality star because he never breaks away from the same persona—an eccentric, extremely intelligent, inherently nervous New York Jew. His performance in Annie Hall cements his status as the eccentric, intelligent, nervous New York Jew because he says so throughout the film and throughout the others he writes, directs, and stars in. William Holden is a character star because he plays a believable Max Schumacher, and watching the film I see Max, the character, not Bill, the leading man.Compared to Annie Hall, where I see Woody, the writer/director/actor, rather than Alvie, the character, Holden’s performance makes me see the character, not the actor. Dustin Hoff man is another character star. His Ben Braddock recalls a vivid sense of youth that anyone can relate to, and Hoffman plays him so well that it would be easy to see Hoffman as Braddock in subsequent films were Hoffman not an excellent actor. Billy Bob Thornton is yet another character star, delivering one of the best performances of all the films this semester.The seeming detachment from emotion Karl breathes is conveyed in a clean, authentic manner, making Thornton more of a vessel for the character rather than a messenger. Robert Duvall is a character actor through and through. His characters in Apocalypse Now, Network and even in The Conversation are different from each other, and his long list of credits reveal that Duvall remains a diverse actor in a variety of roles. He does not come off as pigeon-holed into an actor playing the same character in different roles.Narrative in Annie Hall and Citizen Kane Annie Hall begins at the end of the relationship, with Alvie talking direct ly to the audience about his relationship with the title character, Annie Hall. The story is told through the use of flashbacks of Alvie’s previous relationships and his childhood, told often as if he is himself telling Annie these flashbacks. Such a scene occurs specifically when he and Annie go to Coney Island with Alvie’s friend and Alvie is telling Annie about his mother and father and family.The present Annie and Alvie walk in to the past Alvie’s home to look in on past Alvie’s parents and family and house. The scene cuts through the narrative barrier in flashback and brings the presents visibly into the past rather than separating the two. Allen uses the flashback in this way to show how people are forever bound to the past and carry it with them as if they always lived in it. Citizen Kane also relies heavily on flashback to tell its story and begins much the same way Annie Hall does, at the end of the story, Kane’s death.The audience sees Ka ne die, learns that he has in fact died via newspaper media, and then systematically learns about the road to his death. The reporter sent to investigate the man behind the mogul uncovers the life of Kane, told via the people who were closest to him. The use of flashback works especially well in learning how Kane came under guardianship of Thatcher, and the flashback is revealed via Thatcher’s memoirs rather than Thatcher himself. Such use of flashback reveals how much information is attained when first-hand sources are unavailable.

Education Is Not a Preparation for Life; Education Is Life Itself Essay

It is the lack of higher education in several sections of my country concerns me. This dearth of education is what is restricting us from touching new heights of glory. In the erstwhile days, emphasis was given on garnering education which made our country prosper. The gradual decline in the number of literate people in the medieval times resulted in disparity in the society, gave birth to superstitions and social evils. Education can rescue a community from succumbing to superstitions and myths. I believe that education is the great leveler in society. It brings everyone on equal footing. To overcome the evils of corruption, disappointment, and terrorism, education is imperative. Only literate people know the difference between right and wrong. Only the literate people know the vital values of compassion and selflessness. Education is what endows people with the wisdom of spending their time fruitfully. It dissuades us from the path of destruction and brings peace in the world. Obtaining an education is a person’s passport to one’s future, it brings upon numerous opportunities for an individual to better themselves, their life, and one another. â€Å"Our quest for knowledge is something we should never complete, because it is a desire that we should never resist.† In other words, in every quest you find yourself upon, you foresee the answer and experience life has thrown at you, including the acceptance of its successes and failures. Education is the best thing that has ever happened to me. It has opened my eyes up to who I am and shown me what I really want to do in my life, and has shown what I can potentially give back to society. Indubitably, education gives us more choices in life, ultimately allowing us to leave an imprint on society. We may plan to design sky-scarpers or develop data storage techniques on the spin of electrons. We may do whatever we want to with the power of education in our hands. Education is the essence of culture, vital for the development of our values and virtues. It teaches us how to lead our lives and transforms us into mature individuals capable of planning for our future. Education always leads us to enlightenment and broadens our perspective towards life. It removes the impending barriers in the way of our success. It leads to the progress of society as a whole and propagates healthy attitudes. Education is the only power that can take any country to the pinnacle of success and glory. Indian government has taken a lot of initiatives to promote education in the remotest of areas. There is provision of free primary education and mid day meals at the schools. But, many more such initiatives are required to bring a tangible change. Comprehensive mass awareness programmes are still needed. Volunteers willing to bring the education to the doorsteps of those who need it are required. I know an example is better than a precept. I am also willing to contribute in whichever way I can to this noble cause.

Bruno Mars And The Objectification Of Women

Although singer-songwriter Bruno Mars perpetuates many stereotypes about women and money in his music videos, he also challenges traditional views with pro-social messages. Both Mars’s perpetuation of sexual and financial stereotypes and his way of breaking with tradition can be seen particularly clearly in the song 24k Magic.Background Keys writes, that â€Å"In traditional African societies, the bard is a storyteller-singer and above all a historian who chronicles the nation’s history and transmits cultural traditions and mores through performance.† Mars, as a singer-songwriter, fulfills this kind of role today, transmitting cultural messages and mores through his performances to both black and white communities. While some of the messages he conveys may have negative effects on society, others may be beneficial – especially to the black community. Main Song: 24k Magic In the music video for the sing, Mars dances through glitzy areas – most of them casinos with a posse of men. From time to time, women join them. All of these women are skinny and scantily clad. Their hair is straightened. These styles are in keeping with electropop tradition. In the electropop scene, according to Jiminez, â€Å"There was a preference for tight clothing, hair products and even makeup. Photographs reveal Prince’s influence on the style of the time as an effeminate masculinity comes to the forefront.† In Mars’s videos, tight clothing and effeminate masculinity are featured heavily. The tightly clad women are not a part of Mars’s main posse, but instead, dance behind an effeminately masculine Mars and his boys much of the time. Mars and his boys are heavily clad, in pants, jackets, hats, and jewelry. The women are in bathing suits. While Mars and his posse do dance, the women dance more sensually, with barely anything covering their b ottoms as they shake them. They sway their hips provocatively. The video is set in a hotel dripping with gold. The boys drive fancy cars, play the slot machines and drive through the ritzy area without a care. They stack chips on the roulette table as the girls look on admiringly. They drive past lit up casinos. They dance through the halls in luxurious robes. They jet-ski through fountains. Mars sits back in a patio chair outside as women shake their bottoms beside his face. He doesn’t even look at them. Everyone smiles and dances. The way in which Mars objectifies women in his songs supports traditional, negative stereotypes of women in art. Klein writers that â€Å"Visual images throughout art history have revealed the status of women by their appearances and bodily attributes.† She further notes that traditional images of ideal women showed them as available and passive – displayed to appeal to male voyeurs. Women were shown as objects for men’s viewing pleasure. Women’s sexuality in comics and advertisements is often dependent on their ability to attract men.† The same is true of women in music. According to Flynn, â€Å"Women are the most frequent targets of objectification within music lyrics.† Indeed, in one recent study, of billboard hits â€Å"the authors found common themes regarding the objectification of women (women were viewed as objects for men to comment on, look at, even touch, hit, and eat) and sex as a top priority for men (wanting, needing, and experiencing sex).† This is exactly how Mars treats the women in his videos. They are there to show how cool and attractive Mars and his posse are. They are available and largely passive. Their bodies, rather than their minds or desires are what Mars’s video displays. We see more evidence that Mars views women as objects in the lyrics to 24k Magic. In them, he glorifies â€Å"players†, men who play around with a lot of women, and treats them much in the same way he treats other objects like rings and links. For instance, he sings, â€Å"Players, put yo pinky rings up to the moon.† Mars, in this song, is completely obsessed with money and material things and girls are among these materials. â€Å"Twenty-four karat magic in the air,† he sings, glorifying the pursuit of wealth. â€Å"I bet they know soon as we walk in (showin up) Wearing Cuban links designer minks Inglewoods finest shoes.† Here, he tells his listeners that possessing things like Cuban links and designer minks will grant them status. Possessing these things will make people know who they are. Not only that, but possessing money and wealth will help them obtain women. â€Å"Oh shit, Im a dangerous man with some money in my pocket,† he boasts,  "So many pretty girls around me and they waking up the rocket.† Mars further emphasizes that it is his ability to win women and to spend money that win him recognition as he sings, â€Å"Everywhere I go they be like oh, so player!† and â€Å"Spend your money like money ain’t shit.† He objectifies women once more in the end, singing, â€Å"I gotta show em how a pimp can get it in.† Here, he glorifies men who sell women and, once again, portrays women as mere sexual objects. 24k Magic is not the only song in which Mars treats women like objects. In songs like Uptown Funk he sings about living it up in the city and praises girls like Michelle Pfeiffer for being â€Å"straight masterpieces.† And in â€Å"That’s what I like,† he sings almost exclusively about money and sex with lyrics like, â€Å"Go pop it for a pimp, pop-pop it for me† and â€Å"â€Å"Sex by the fire at night Silk sheets and diamonds all white.† While it is clearly true that Mars objectifies women, what is less clear is whether this objectification is harmful to them. Some argue that it is. Nussbaum, for instance notes that â€Å"Feminist thought, moreover, has typically represented mens sexual objectification of women as not a trivial but a central problem in womens lives, and the opposition to it as at the very heart of feminist politics.† On the other hand, some argue that objectification can be a good thing. Cass Sunstein writes, â€Å"Peoples imaginations are unruly It may be possible to argue, as some people do, that objectification and a form of use are substantial parts of sexual life, or wonderful parts of sexual life, or ineradicable parts of sexual life.† Furthermore, by rejecting the norms of a society which suggests the objectification is bad, Mars may be championing an idea of sexual freedom that society represses. Green writes â€Å"There’s an agent of subversive reversal of negative stereotypes and portrayals of African-Americans embedded within the prosocial text of some rap lyrics.† In spite of the fact that videos those made by like Mars and his counterparts objectify women and black women in particular, â€Å"Black females generally reported more satisfaction with the shapes of their bodies [than white women] and less susceptibility to the negative effects of media.† Perhaps, then, there is something gratifying about Mars’s prosocial messages and his rejection of white mores. Gracyk suggests that we analyze art to help us understand human behavior. Perhaps Mars’s songs give us some insight into why black women have higher esteem than their white counterparts. And perhaps his rejection of society’s rules leads to greater positivity.

Charges against 'sexting' teenagers highlight legal gaps by Alexandra Essay

Charges against 'sexting' teenagers highlight legal gaps by Alexandra Marks - Essay Example While the government is doing its best to protect young people from exploitation in ways it believes are most appropriate, some strongly hold the contrary view that teenagers of today would grow up fine, the same way those before them did, without the need of arbitrary laws that often stereotype and brand them as something they are not or, worse, turn them into something that society abhors-criminals. The article, moreover, elucidates that many of today's minors are being punished to suffer a penalty for something that some members of society do not even essentially consider as sin. According to them, there are certain things whose magnitude demands for formal social controls (in the form of laws controlling such behavior), yet there are things that are best dealt with within the family, as they have always been dealt with in the past few years. This issue connects with every facet of social structure by triggering differing opinions on the gravity of the matter as an issue of right and wrong, legal and illegal. Indeed, what is legal does not necessarily mean to be also moral, and vice versa. It is to be noted that every social strata, group, organization, and institution has its own perception of good or bad that, as expected and is but natural, would often come at variance with that of other units of society as explained by its differing social orientations. It is to be remembered that each of these units have influenced in one way or the other the shaping of these teenagers, as well as the shaping of laws and society's general sentiment on the issues. What the Issue Says about Our Society This issue tells us that society is a complex web of differing individuals that shape it and, in turn, are likewise shaped by it. The complexity of how society works is founded on the interplay of several aspects, such as power, values and norms, and shared or differing views of life in general. Societal values and norms, for example, determine what ways of doing things are acceptable to society and is often the main basis upon which laws are founded, though some concepts pertaining to power and influence cannot be discredited as well. Indeed, some are more powerful and influential than others; thus, they are more able to impose their perceived values and norms upon the entire society. Also, there is often, always a variation in what people may perceive as a shared view among everyone in a society. While most people agree that teenagers need moral guidance or protection, some prefer stringent measures, while others believe that such things are best resolved within the confines of the home and should only be discussed between parents and children. For in society's effort to save these children, it could instead lead it further astray, which takes a herculean effort to reverse. The Relationship between the People Involved and the Larger Society or Community While the people involved may not feel strongly that this issue is of a matter public concern, still there are some who believe that they exercise a moral responsibility to society as a whole. The latter feel that it is their bounden duty to protect the morals of society. It, however, should be noted that while a teenager may only look at the issue of sexting from his or her viewpoint, our

Training Professionals Have a Leading Role in Innovation and Change Research Paper

Training Professionals Have a Leading Role in Innovation and Change - Research Paper Example Due to the fast and continuous changes in the society specifically the economy and technology. The research is focused on one of the main factors that can affect change in the organizational structures, training and training professionals. In recent years, the role of training professionals in implementing innovation and change had been given attention. The main objective of the paper is to present the specific role of training professionals as the leader in achieving change and development in an organization. In addition, the methods of delivering changes and the exploration of the hindrances such as the perspectives of the different levels of leadership in the organizational structure are also included. The main role of the training professionals is to prepare the workforce for specific tasks within an organization specifically in the rapidly changing economic and technological environment. By doing so, they assist in cost-effective achievement of the company’s goals in a cost-effective and efficient manner toward innovation and change (Miller, 2010, p.1). But there is a recognized serious requirement for training in the present state of the workforce because companies cannot cope up. Based on studies, there is an urgent need for new people strategies that can improve business performance due to the observed low level of workforce skills (Pace, 2011, p. 19). Training professionals can be considered as the overseeing eye of the organisations in terms of the performance.

No Child Left Behind Act Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

No Child Left Behind Act - Essay Example The strong and weak points of the law will be discussed in this paper in addition to the aforementioned information. When the NCLB was passed, a lot of politicians looked forward to its positive effects to the system of education in America considering all groups like the administrators, teachers, students and parents. In 2006, there have been positive reports about the act and heads have been nodding in approval to the statistics presented. The long term Nation’s Report Card results in 2005 claims that achievements in Math and Reading of elementary students reached the highest level and that achievement gaps were minimal (Ed.gov). The Department of Education gave similar reports on the statistics submitted in favor of the act and these were applauded during President George W. Bush’s 2008 State of the Union Address. He claimed that in 2007, fourth and eighth graders achieved the highest math scores on record, reading scores are on the rise and African-American and Hisp anic students posted all-time highs (Bush).

The Seeds of the Arab-Israeli Conflict Assignment

The Seeds of the Arab-Israeli Conflict - Assignment Example As a result of this only accelerates civil war and violence to civilians intending to intimidate them. Palestinians have used a various form of terrorism like suicide bombs to obtain further Israel concessions (Bickerton 7). Fight for land ownership where by Israel fought a six-day battle to capture land from Jordan (West Bank) and in Egypt (Gaza), Palestinians contended that this is their territory. As a result, Palestine evacuated Jews from their country as a revenge triggering war between these nations (Matthews 56). Citing from a biblical perspective, holy places in Palestine and Israel representing who drinks to the Abrahamic faiths of Judaism, Christianity, and Islam constitutes a significant commonality between these two regions. They can’t withstand who links the Abrahamic faith triggering devastating religious conflicts between Jews, Christians, and Islam which is still evident today (Peters & Newman 17). In conclusion, this enmity and violence have continued for more than a half century and it has been responsible for the unfertile grounds that have undermined economic growth not only in the two countries but in the entire region. However, the international community has tried to mediate between the two countries and still it has yielded no fruits. For instance, signing of the Oslo Accords which did not end the conflicts. Thus, a practical solution to end the conflicts needs to identify as soon as possible to prevent more bloodshed, which is claiming innocent lives.

History - Renassiance Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

History - Renassiance - Essay Example Despite Senate sanction, the triumvirate was in realty a military junta and the Senate was completely cut off from power. In the proscription that followed, political rivals, including 300 Senators, were executed and their property seized. Julius Caesar was officially deified, further strengthening Octavian’s position as the divi filius, or son of God. The forces of Brutus and Cassius, Caesar’s assassins, were defeated by Octavian and Antony at Philippi in 42 B.C. This can be viewed as the end of any hope of resurrecting the Roman Republic. The final blow against the forces of the old Republic was struck when Octavian’s general, Agrippa, defeated Sextus Pompeius in 36 B.C. at the Battle of Naulochus. Octavian used Antony’s Egyptian connection with Cleopatra to manipulate Roman public opinion against him, culminating in Antony’s defeat at Actium in 31 B.C. Octavian shrewdly adopted the role of defender of the Republic. He brilliantly portrayed Actium as a triumph for the Senate and the Republic, rather than his defeat of a hated rival. He was now in absolute control of Rome. Octavian maintained the elaborate fiction of restoring the Roman Republic by retaining the traditional practices such as consuls, senate and tribunes. By remaining Consul from 31 – 23 B.C., holding the tribunician authority and controlling all the important provinces, Octavian firmly kept the reins of power in his own hands. At the same time, he avoided all external trappings of dictatorship or monarchy. He announced the end of the civil wars with the Pax Romana, executed an ambitious building program and strengthened the economy. In 27 B.C. Octavian brilliantly orchestrated the First Settlement, under which he apparently surrendered his powers to the Senate and was ‘persuaded’ to take them back! He was bestowed the title of ‘Augustus,’ or revered, but claimed to be content to

The Penny Press Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

The Penny Press - Essay Example The penny press had much more to offer readers then traditional newspapers. The penny press, which became almost popular overnight, allowed writers to give the public a small breakdown of current events. This was important since readers no longer had to wait for other papers to circulate. Readers wanting to be updated on the latest and greatest events could purchase a subscription or pick up a paper from a local news stand. When consumers purchased the paper, they knew that the paper would contain information that was current and of interest. Not everyone took a liking to The Penny Press. â€Å"Many were not interested in the topics presented and thought that they appealed to a lower class of individuals.† (Friedman 2005) These people preferred the traditional style newspaper since it contained political info as well as the week’s most important headlines. The late 1800’s was a time that housed many new events. These new events were so popular and interesting to readers that they fueled the success of The Penny Press. The public quickly became use to the fact that they could read new and updated topics everyday for only one penny. The effect of the popularity of The Penny Press, left penny press writers with the need to constantly seek out new stories. These new stories were not always easy to find and The Penny Press opened up the doors and gave a new definition to the meaning journalism. Journalism quickly began to grow as the need for new stories became such a high demand. Consequences that arose from the increase in journalism as a result of The Penny Press are seen even in today’s society. These consequences include a decrease in the public’s privacy, an increase in paparazzi, and an increased want by the public to have information. The pressure this created on journalist made journalist hungry for information and willing to do what was necessary to get the most popular and sought after story. It is obvious that the

Hw4 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Hw4 - Essay Example If you are not satisfied with the job selection at any job site, choose another job board. Excellent communication skill in both oral and written English – I have a decent communication skill in English but I still need to improve on it because the job requires excellent communication skills. 11.6 Surviving a Social Business Function The idea of attending a social business function provokes anxiety in many businesspeople. What should you talk about? What should you wear? How can you make sure you maintain your professionalism? Your Task. In groups of two to four, discuss appropriate behavior in four social situations. Decide appropriate attire, suitable topics of conversation, and other etiquette guidelines that you should follow. Present your decisions regarding the following social functions to your instructor in a memo or e- mail: Different occasion has different set of propriety in terms of attire, topic of conversation and other ethical consideration that one must observe to remain appropriate. In a company picnic, it would be proper to wear comfortable casual clothes such as t-shirt, jeans and rubber shoes. It would be nice to talk about pleasantries during this event. During holiday party however, it would be more appropriate to wear smart casual clothes such as polo and a nice slack. It would be appropriate to talk about family and friends during this kind of event. During formal dinner however, one is expected to dress up either in a nice elegant suit or long sleeve polo with equally elegant slacks and leather shoes. It would be appropriate to be witty during conversation because each party is expected to impress the other party. During business luncheon however, one is expected to dress in coat and tie and conversation is expected to revolve around business

Environmental Analysis Essay Example for Free

Environmental Analysis Essay Introduction This essay will discussed one of the most controversial environmental issue climate change along with some of the facts including how people first discover that climate change does existed; as well as legitimation in climate change globally; public debate; and the way in which government response to this issue. Furthermore this paper will discuss the role of science to identify the existence of climate change. Identification and legitimation of the issue Climate change is one of the biggest environmental challenges that the world encounters. It has obvious impact on our planet causing higher temperature, shifting seasons, sea levels rising. These phenomenon are closely tide up with world’s economic as it affect businesses around the world. The British government report warned if no action is taken to control carbon emissions climate change would cost 5 to 20 percent of the annual global gross domestic product. (Climate change impacts, 2011). The United Nation’s intergovernmental Panel on Climate change published a report in 2007 regarding the discovery of Global Warming since the 20th Century. (IPCC, 2011). The possible reason for this phenomenon may be caused by human activity. The appropriate definition is explained by the IPCC, which states that climate change is â€Å"a change of climate which is attributed directly or indirectly to human activity that alters the composition of the global atmosphere and which is in addition to natural climate variability observed over comparable time periods.† (IPCC, 2012) Many countries have taken the initiative to legislate appropriate regulation regarding climate change. In 2010 a published article noted that â€Å"Qinghai† is one of the first province to establish a regulation that holds local government and state owned enterprises response in coping with climate change (Xinhuanet, 2010). The statistic have shown that â€Å"Qinghai† ‘s temperature in general has been rising by 0.35 centigrade every ten years compare to the world’s average of 0.13 centigrade. (Mu Xuequan, 2010). This regulation will stress the importance and specified the local government’s responsibility on climate change. Public Debate The argument around the topic of climate change is one of the most controversial topic because it involved in whether climate change is man made or its simply nature forces. Some scientist believes that the temperature of earth is actually getting colder not warmer due to the cycle of the sun. This is known as the â€Å"Sunspot cycle†, sun gets a little bit hotter and colder every 11 years and when it gets colder it causes the temperature of earth to get colder too. Other scientist argued that the change of temperature is so small that it can barely be detected. Most scientists agree that an increase in the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere is the main cause of global warming. They argued about the details of the effects of global warming on the earth. However it is generally agreed that it will lead to worldwide changes in weather patterns, gradual melting of the ice caps and rising sea levels. These changes will impact on your lifestyle, agriculture and the survival of other organism. (Haire, M et al, 2000). Energy savings, emissions reductions and water resource conservation and many other works related to climate change need to be considered Government policy response Recent years many countries have impose law relevant to combat climate change. Energy savings, emissions reductions and water resource conservation and marketing â€Å"green† have been the primary goal amongst most organization. Country like Australia is promoting energy efficiency measures through a wide range of programs and rebates. The election of Kevin Rudd in 2007 especially shows a major change of the Australian government policy through Australia’s ratification of the Kyoto Protocol. In terms of some specific initiatives the Australian government also continue the measure of mandatory renewable energy target scheme. And since 2010 the Government also established a climate change committee with the main purpose of investigate â€Å"options for implementing a carbon price and help build consensus on how Australia will tackle climate change† (Parliament of Australia, 2012) Role of science Science has played an important part in proving the existence of climate change by observation and experiment. This graph above depicts the global change in sea level since the end of the last ice age. During this 15,000 year period sea level has increased approximately 125 meters. Conclusion By evaluating the historical development of climate change we can conclude that climate change is the most important and challenging environmental issue. Regardless of the disagreements, climate change has been proven exist by scientific research. It has drawn the public attention and requires international cooperation among different governments. Reference Haire, M et al (2000). Core Science3. Singapore: Kyodo. P110-111. IPCC (2011) Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. [online] Available at; http://www.ipcc.ch/pdf/assessment-report/ar4/syr/ar4_syr_cn.pdf [Accessed: 27 Jul 2012]. Parliament of Australia (2012) Australian government response to climate change. [online] Available at: http://www.aph.gov.au/About_Parliament/Parliamentary_Departments/Parliamentary_Library/Browse_by_Topic/ClimateChange/Governance/Domestic/national [Accessed: 27 Jul 2012]. Sunspots and climate (2000) Sunspots and climate. [online] Available at: http://www-das.uwyo.edu/~geerts/cwx/notes/chap02/sunspots.html [Accessed: 27 Jul 2012]. The Nature Conservancy (2012) Climate Change Impacts. [online] Available at;

The game of volleyball Essay Example for Free

The game of volleyball Essay The object of the game of Volleyball is for each team to send the ball regularly over the net to ground it on the opponent’s court, and to prevent the ball from being grounded on its own court. Basic Outline of play: The player on the back right position serves the ball by hitting it over the net to the opponent’s court. A team is not allowed to hit the ball three times in attempt to return the ball to the opponent’s court. A player is not allowed to hit the ball twice consecutively, unless attempting to block the ball. The rally continues until the ball hits the ground/floor, goes out of bounds or a team fails to return it to the opponent’s court or commits a fault. Scoring Systems: The best of three or five games will win the match. The team that scores 25 points first with a minimum two-point advantage wins a game. If there is a deciding game, that game will be won by the team that first scores 15 points with a minimum two-point advantage. Side out Scoring: Side out scoring is another way to score a Volleyball match. The team serving is the only team that can score a point, except in the deciding game when rally-point scoring system is used. When the receiving team wins a rally, they gain the right to serve but do not gain a point and its players rotate one position clockwise. Rotation ensures that players play at both the net and the back zone of the court. A team wins a game by scoring 15 points with a two-point advantage. Further, they win the match by winning the best of three or five games. In the event of a 16-16 tie, the team that scores the 17th point wins a non-deciding game with only a one-point advantage. In a deciding game there is not point cap. The Basic Rules and Regulations of Volleyball: ========================================== ==== The Serve ( A ) Server must serve from behind the restraining line (end line)(refer to court diagram) until after contact. ( B ) Ball may be served underhand or overhand. ( C ) Ball must be clearly visible to opponents before serve. ( D ) Served ball must clear the net without touching the net. Failure results in a side out. ( E ) First game serve is determined by a volley, each subsequent game shall be served by the previous game loser. ( F ) Serve must be returned by a bump (dig) only. No setting or attacking a serve. A. a server must serve from behind the restraining line until after contact. B. The ball may be served underhanded or overhanded. C. The ball must be clearly visible to opponents before serve. D. Served ball must clear the net without touching the net. Failure results in a side out. E. A volley determines first game serve, the previous game loser shall serve each subsequent game. F. The serve must be returned by a bump only. No setting or attacking a serve. Rotation. ( A ) Team will rotate each time they win the serve. ( B ) Players shall rotate in a clockwise manner. ( C ) There shall be 4-6 players on each side. Playing the Game (Volley) - ( A ) Maximum of three hits per side. ( B ) Player may not hit the ball twice in succession ( A block is not considered a hit ). ( C ) Ball may be played off the net except on serve. ( D ) A ball touching a boundary line is good. ( E ) A legal hit is contact with the ball by a player body above and including the waist which does not allow the ball to visibly come to a rest. ( F ) If two or more players contact the ball simultaneously, it is considered one play and the players involved may not participate in the next play. ( G ) A player must not block or attack a serve. ( H ) Switching positions will be allowed only between front line players. (After the serve only). Basic Violations - ( A ) Stepping on or over the line on a serve. ( B ) Failure to serve the ball over the net successfully. ( C ) Hitting the ball illegally (Carrying, Palming, Throwing, etc. ). ( D ) Touches of the net with any part of the body while the ball is in play. If the ball is driven into the net with such force that it causes the net to contact an opposing player, no foul will be called, and the ball shall continue to be in play. ( E ) Reaching over the net, except under these conditions: 1 When executing a follow-through. 2 When blocking a ball which is in the opponents court but is being returned (the blocker must not contact the ball until after the opponent who is attempting to return the ball makes contact). Except to block the third play. ( F ) Reaches under the net (if it interferes with the ball or opposing player). ( G ) Failure to serve in the correct order. ( H ) Blocks or spikes from a position which is clearly not behind the 10-foot line (refer to court diagram) while in a back row position. The Court Playing Area Both indoor and outdoor courts are 18 m x 9mi (296 x 59). Indoor courts also include an attack area designated by a line 3 m (910) back from the center line. Lines on the court are 5cm (2 wide). Net Height Net height for men, co-ed mixed 6, outdoor is 2. 43 meters or 711-5/8. Net height for women, 74-1/8. The height of the net shall be 8. Ball The ball weighs between 9 and 10 ounces. Ball pressure is between 4. 5 and 6. 0 pounds Observation and Analysis For an analysis of the volleyball sport, we observed a 2 minute clip of a volleyball game between the red and green team. The 2 minute period revolved around the service of a player from the red team (6 serves were successfully executed before the opposition went for the kill which resulted in a side out). I observed each serve and detailed the plays of each team (red and green) for that particular serve.

The Apple Inc After Steve Jobs Commerce Essay

The Apple Inc After Steve Jobs Commerce Essay The purpose of this assignment and the selection of Steve Jobs case study draw in many features of leadership theories and works connected with Jobs Apple or his business activity. His leadership tells again one further thing that sometimes successful leaders may divide into two camps the whole world : some adore the leader and others cannot stand him. This sensation is not so unusual as example of Margaret Thatchers political leadership and many military leaders over the centuries. Apples success made Steve Jobs a successful leader and the main thing is Jobs personal creation is Apple. During his time there were Bill Gates and Michael Dell who were fabulously successful in different parts of the IT business, but Jobs Apple was among the three brands, always the most inventive, the idiosyncratic, maybe even the imperturbable brand. By this time, many of us already learned, heard, read and watched about Steve Jobs many contributions to the society, his achievements on many accounts. Consumers passions about Steve Jobs and the Apple are rare in the business world. In Soho I was passing by an Apple store not long ago and found flowers and hundreds of post it notes from so many expressing gratitude to Steve Jobs. As Mr. Walter Isaacson, his biographer and others have pointed out that however, Steve Jobs was beyond perfection.   Anyway, his leadership and management style, in particular is my main concern.   Most of us by this time know that Steve Jobs could be egotistical, autocratic, and harsh.   Yet he was a great leader. So, this overturns some management writers claims and thoughts todays business leaders need to be nice, kind, humble (Level 5 leadership), and practice servant leadership? I think the contradiction about leadership can be clarified by two sets of aspects. One we need to recognize the situational leadership. In some circumstances one style could work properly but that might not work in some others at all. Ambiguity or the surprise matter always there while claims being made about the behaviour and the characteristics of the universal leadership. Woking overseas and leading cross functional global teams definitely recognize leadership needs to be adapted culture specific. Mr. Jobs leadership not mentioning his genius activities was a key part in the success of Apple. If he had used another style, might not be able to achieve the glorious success at Apple. The other one is apart from arrogance style of Mr. Jobs he had some great executive leaders qualities visionary, risk taker, emotional stability, openness to experience, and highly focused, committed or persistent, passionate and positive attitude. Not only he dived into his vision, he made sure companys everyone brought into that created for the company a higher purpose which excited really the company employees. His products and passions of course were legendary in Apple. He established trust among company members not as a founder but in marketing and product design. Leadership and Organisational Behaviour Issues Section # 2 Leadership Organisational Behaviour Issues To understand the attached case studys key aspect module Organisational Behaviour, I have done a detailed research on Apple Inc. policies, leadership strategies etc. Balanced Scorecard Institute defined the balanced scorecard which is a management and planning system used to bring into line business activities to the vision and the organisations strategy, communications (internal external) improvement, and against strategic goals monitor organisational performance. Most organisations, to bring effective changes use the balanced scorecard. But APPLE INC. doesnt implement the scorecard for operating changes but uses for long term performance. It focuses on various categories of measurement in the following order Financial Perspective Shareholder Value Customer Perspective Market share and customer satisfaction Internal Process Perspective Core Competencies The Innovation and Improvement Perspective The three wide-ranging Organisational Behaviour aspects have been taken i.e. Leadership, Motivation, and Change Management to identify whether Apple Inc. is following a good strategy or any possibility of improvement or any requirement of complete change. Especially the focus is more or less orbited around the Apple Inc.s CEO Steve Jobs throughout the report and the way he be able to manage and motivate the Apple Inc.s employees Leadership Through the case study and because of Steve Jobs I deeply researched and found on crisis moment Apple called him and simply Steve Jobs turned the things around and took the organisation at top level, honestly I got charmed by this man. His leadership styles sets for everyone example, he is visionary and transformational leaders role model. For example the price of Apple share 2% fell on Steve Jobs illness rumour in 2008. Because of some power struggles internally, Apple forced Steve to leave his job in 1985 and after that nearly one decade Apple was in serious crisis. In 1996 financial losses was reaching $81600000 and in 1997 it was $1 billion and instead of $70 per share (1991) it became $14 per share. In 1997 March issue Fortune Magazine described Apple as Silicon Valleys paragon of dysfunctional management. (Woods, 1997). Later Apple appointed Steve Jobs as the CEO and everything started changing even Apple is much ahead than rivals HP, Dell, Microsoft etc. and posited or ranked sixth in the list of reputable companies. In spite of his all achievements, Steve always been encircled with arguments. Beside the concern of the products of Apple, he is looked up as a business idol. Transformation leadership consists of charisma, motivation (inspirational), stimulation (intellectual) and consideration (individual). Everybody knows that Steve Jobs had these all qualities except the last one consideration (individual). He had a perfection achieving phenomenal hunger and acted as a one man army to reformed computing system. From his past as well as the past of Apple we can see his greatness. Todays the digital image of the society is enhanced by the Apple i.e. Steve Jobs. During 1985 to 1997, successfully he transformed Pixar into a successful speculation. Only lack was Steve Jobs liked secrecy. Apple builds trust but never talked about their forthcoming products. They always talked about their achieved things and this behaviour effects a lot to the Apple Inc. employees. His arrogant and top-down approach is not going to work according to William C. Taylor (Harvard Business Review, 2009) With an excellent speech ability and superb fascinating influence over the audience and his employees, Steve Jobs is a very powerful charismatic leader. He made his employees enthusiastic by the charismatic power and convinced customers to buy Apples products. Apart from his charismatic power he is also known as devious, rude and corrupt. He did not respect individual, employees scared him, though its perfection quest but still shows his consideration for individual is low to some extent. He made his employees better but not to be easy on them. Survey in 2008 shows that employees were not enough satisfied with their bonus and compensation level but they had towards the products and the policies of the company full passion. Steve Jobs tremendous qualities of charismatic power, Apple outperformed others primarily in the business market. Though charismatic leadership power matched with him but his individual consideration does not go with him. In this respect my doubt goes whether Steve Jobs is a charismatic leader or a personalised leader more. Motivation The purpose and direction of behave is the psychological process which is referred by the Motivation. An organisation will be benefitted if the employees are motivated by effective productivity though its a very complex task as motivation keeps on changing. In 2010, Glassdoor results show clearly that Apples employees are respectful to their boss and are motivated. A few years before and the present Apple if compare, anyone can easily realise that Jobs was outstanding to get his employees commitment properly that proved Apples employees motivation. When excellence expected then employees need not be told anything said by Steve Jobs in 1989, initially needs to coach them. The motivation model of the Maslows hierarchy of needs (1943) describes that the needs can be classified into these stages (including last need being basic need most). SELF ACTUALISATION Doing what best you can do ESTEEM NEEDS Self-respect and respect from others BELONGING Acceptance and being part of something SAFETY NEEDS Physical and Psychological security PHYSIOLOGICAL NEEDS Hunger, Thirst, Rest etc. Esteem , Belonging and Self Actualisation needs are as highlighted is that according to me, these are the underperformances in the Apples motivation level for employees. Apple never put hard gear on the employees motivation as they never knew what company coming up with next. They are restricted to go from one department to another by using electronic badges as terrorists. Jobs kept software and hardware department separate and set in different buildings. Steve Jobs always looking for perfection, a notorious manager, instead of motivate he used his stick. This definitely is not followed the Maslows hierarchy of needs. Steve Jobs was an autocratic as he wanted people to listen to him. Though innovation is part of the involvement of the employees but this theory had a doubt on Apples innovation. Definitely it conflicts with the Self Actualisation Stage of Maslows hierarchy. In 2006, Roderick Kramer wrote for Harvard Business Review, a certain degree of forcefulness might prove to be useful when it comes to handling intractable problems. So, Steve jobs always worked on his own way and delivered fabulous results does not mean that his ways is the right way. Because its not about Steve Jobs, its the question about Apple Inc. So, therefore the way Jobs worked is not the right way. According to an insider Steve was acute with his employees, made them cry but also most of time he was right. His viewpoint was exceptional and he had no asshole rule, he was tyrant in his workplace but if employees not fully pleased then things not going to work same way in future. Change Management The development of an organisation depends on Change Management, a set of behavioural science-based theories, values and strategies. It is not an easy job. W Pasmore in 2010 said that many leaders failed to make operating and critical changes to led the organisation. Apple like many other big companies gained mastery in this matter. Not only Apple Inc. comes up with new and innovative technology but also the implementation of the financial figures of them vastly accepted all over the world. Steve Jobs has many reasons to be successful in change management and out of those understanding and anticipation of customers requirement most. Change Management helps an organisation to take from one level to the next level by treating Employees as Focus Group. Steve doesnt rely on focus groups, instead he is a steady believer that customers themselves dont know their requirement. Without asking them he has a strong understanding ability and can anticipate his customers call. So he treats as focus group his own employees and without any customer intervention makes the decision. By giving such huge importance to the employees, the employees themselves feel a part of the change. Thus he gains the employee loyalty very easily. The products like iPod, iPhone, and iTunes are great examples that prove his expertise in understanding the customer needs. Every individual thinks own way differently and has got own different insights and assertiveness in life. So, therefore, its not possible to get 100% support from all the employees. Rather, to accept and adapt to change, they need to be motivated and inspired enough. Jobs chooses team members by selecting multiplier factor of excellence. He believes that the extraordinary designers, engineers and managers are not only better than the good ones by 10 or 20 % but 10 times better. He feels that outstanding products come from their contributions. Eliminating Fear of Change: Over time, Steves leadership has made the organisations mantra, together with its distribution and channel partners. While iTunes launch, people thought it might change the entire music industry. With the charismatic ability Jobs eliminated the fear of change, and they achieved their 100% contribution and iTunes in the music industry made a revolution. Managing Changes in Distribution Strategy: the whole distribution strategy might be disrupted at time by the innovation and Apple faced the problem on their iPod launching time. They made good relation with big box stores like Wal Mart, Target etc. before introducing them in the consumer electronics industry. For distributing digital music iTunes also built a complete new distribution strategy successfully and thats the way Apple overcome the changing problem in distribution strategy. Analytical Framework and Evaluation Section # 3 Analytical Framework Evaluation Most business leaders expect to touch the level Steve Jobss did before he died in October 2011. He is the legendary visionary player one in a century. He is a dynamic and controversial leader and his success totally relied upon his innovation capabilities. During time the legacies left by many other protruding leaders become clear. However, we already by today have tremendous clarity of Jobss leadership. Because of the masterful biography of Walter Isaacson, we know that Jobs pursued former CEO of CNN and managing editor of  Time Isaacson, for five years (Jobss determination example in the book first among many), and then of course a much rarer incidence giving a free hand to him, promising: Its your book. I wont even read it. Certainly Steve Jobs was a wayward and ambitious leader, and his innovation, commercialization and services to the society through Apple Inc. changed the way of life styles of many of us and developed truthfully great ways for computing, publishing, movies, music, and mobile telephony industries. His way or style of leadership is complex, risky, committed and charismatic to convince customers and employees on his aspiration. Though he is greatest business executive of the era but he was critical, tyrant one. All too often he was the antithesis of the servant leader model popularized in the 1990s (the giving, caring organizational mentor who in many ways contrasted with the hero model of a century prior). Not only at Apple Inc. but at NeXT and at Pixar, he seeded powerful culture. He created a place where motivated people make great products. He had fascinating and perplexing leadership. Personally and professionally he fell in and out of love with people easily. Because of his great talent he created extraordinary skilful organisation but he missed many peoples potential contribution. In question of teamwork, he always challenged to do beyond the possible. So, a few strong people cope with this challenge to keep remain the pride but many others usually become frustrated. In a way this is a loss of encouragement and emotional effect as the theme comes up A players and B players. Then the misrepresenting habit of Steve Jobs in reality for fulfilling his purpose together with the intolerance, condemnation, and unfriendliness that often accompanied it. In one sense Steves version could create a compelling vision of what might be. Could observe his fostered cultures at his company Apple Inc. even though he was not with Apple for 10 years but his underlying essence of the culture which he had established somehow stayed alive. But on another sense, Steve Jobss criticism, unfriendliness and arrogance could be extremely estranging, which actually shattered his credibility, particularly the way he used it to terminate a hopeful impression or a determination as a piece of crap. The way Apple Inc. worked on last decade was a way to sink a company. It successfully did everything because of Jobs extraordinary talent at foreseeing and providing revolutionary products and services. His ability to originate for his customers in a way few leaders had done before obliged as a liniment to his bad-tempered personal style. There will be really few countable top leaders who pay much attention on design detail and other things of products as Jobs did. Without counting cost efficiency or sales volume or even the profit, Steve Jobs always measured the consumer appeal, functionality and simplicity of products. That attention was the vital part of his organisation Apple Inc.s strategic and marketing capabilities. Steve Jobs was alike Walt Disney and Edwin Land an entrepreneurial leader in these respects and he admired both of them. Jobs without any hesitation always declared that without showing what they want, customers do not know their requirements. Indeed, not infallible but he remarkably was able to develop products that consumers would buy and enjoy, as well as the self-reliance, audacity, and ambition to bring them to life. According to Isaacson, a blue collar mechanic and his adoptive father Jobs genius for imaginative leaps [that] were instinctive, unexpected, and at times magical Time goes on and Steve Jobs became a better leader of people. Though he never liked to live on his own shortcomings, Isaacson in 2007 quotes a statement revealing a somewhat unenthusiastic, even concealed sense of an imperative flaw. Because Steve Jobs and Woz were not good enough in making partnership with people but based on doing the whole banana they started the company, he said of Apples design philosophy. Only God knows if he could have some more time, he might be able to less the gap difference between his leadership DNA and the Apple Inc.s one. Conclusion and Recommendations Section # 4 Conclusion Recommendations If consider the Apple Inc. financial results then people might remark that most of the things in the company are going quite well. But the above entire analysis explains that a lot of loopholes are inside the functions of Apple Inc. which have need of a subterranean thought. All over the world millions of people were considering Steve Jobs as an idol but side by side his attitudes, arrogance or behaviours questions straightway whether he can be symbol as a transformational leader truly or should level him as a personalised leader. Definitely if someone think that Apples innovative products are a result of employee involvement and motivation then the idea is totally wrong. After getting the critical analysis of the motivation levels according to the Maslows Hierarchy of Needs help, it could be easily explainable that the sequentially described top three needs levels go uncertain in Apple employees case. But there is no doubt on the question that Apple has mastered in the concept of ch ange. Whether it is about training the employees for change or it is about managing the changes in distribution strategy, Apple has successfully managed changes both within as well as outside the organisation. My recommendations to the company, particularly to Steve Jobs, are: No wonder apple has no match in its innovation. But things can further improve provided that employees are given more freedom to express their thoughts. Moreover, if instead of Stick, Jobs can manage with some positive motivation, it can do wonders for the company as far as employee loyalty is concerned. Steve Jobs, undoubtedly, is a fantastic charismatic leader. The analysis in the report clearly shows that the charisma of Steve Jobs has single handed taken the company to such heights. But Apple needs to think beyond Steve Jobs. The company should start focussing more on its future, for which it is really important that the other members of the organisation also start scratching their heads and reduce their dependency on one man. According to The June 11, 2012 issue of  Fortune, at present the employees of Apple Inc. seems more than satisfied with Mr. Cook who often sits down with the Apple employees randomly at lunchtime whereas typically Jobs dined with his design chief. Employees used to loved, admired and feared Jobs but the way Cook treating his employees is the way employees expect to interact with their CEO. According to a University of Iowa study one statement easily can be perceived for Apple Inc. that no co-worker or colleague would be supportive or friendly with an abusive or critical boss like Steve Jobs, they will tolerate the behaviour of the boss as long as he is productive. At present all over in North America, current and aspiring executives either quoting what Steve Jobs said, but would urge others by criticizing them by the caution that Steve Jobs wouldnt do that. One thing is for sure, bringing up the next generation of leaders to emulate Steve Jobs leadership style will take our organizations, if not our society, backwards. Interestingly, Jobs may not be the incarnation of an effective leader in a way, he was far from being a conventional text-book example. Nevertheless, his captivation, self-confidence and thirst for work outshine all his imperfections, making him one of most successful CEOs of the decade.

The Stigma of Mental Illness: Undiagnosed and Untreated Essay -- Isolat

Madhouses, looney bins, insane asylums, monsters, witches, and lunatics. These are the terms that haunt both the mentally ill and the facilities that provide their treatment. The stigma of mental illness prevents persons in need of treatment from seeking help for their mental illnesses. The roots of the stigma of mental illness need to be dissected to reduce the discrimination, prejudice, and stereotyping of the mentally ill. There are things that can be done to prevent this stigma including changes in federal policy, public cooperation, and individual advocacy. 1. HISTORICAL CONTEXT Civilizations have tried to cure the mentally ill since prehistoric times. Often it was believed that these people were victims of possession by demons, or were witches. Doctors Eric Snitchler and Kevin Harris from Northern Illinois University noted that â€Å"Archeologists have uncovered skulls with holes drilled in them dating back as far as 8,000 B.C†¦the holes may have been drilled into the skull as a means of releasing ‘evil spirits’ that were trapped inside the head causing abnormal behavior.† This surgery, referred to as trephining, is still practiced by some African tribes today. In the Middle Ages, Europeans left the mentally unstable alone unless they proved to be dangerous. In the 1600s Europeans began to isolate the mentally ill. They treated them poorly and chained them to walls and left them in dungeons. After the French Revolution, some establishments were reformed and patients were given more freedom and more pleasant living conditions; however, many people were still mistreated. In America, the mentally ill were locked up with criminals and hidden from the outside world. By the late 1800s, many state psychiatric hospitals were ... ...al. â€Å"The ‘Backbone’ of Stigma: Identifying the Global Core of Public Prejudice Associated With Mental Illness.† American Journal of Public Health 103.5 (2013): 853-860. Business Source Premier. Web. 3 Feb. 2014. Shrivastava, Amresh, et al. "Clinical Risk of Stigma and Discrimination of Mental Illnesses: Need For Objective Assessment and Quantification." Indian Journal of Psychiatry 55.2 (2013): 178-182. Academic Search Complete. Web. 10 Feb. 2014. Snitchler, Eric, and Kevin Harris. â€Å"History of Abnormal Psychology.† Online Posting. Northern Illinois U, Spring 2002. Web. 28 Feb. 2014. "Timeline: Treatments for Mental Illness." PBS. American Express, 2002. Web. 28 Feb. 2014. Vogel, David L., Nathaniel G. Wade, and Shawn Haake. "Measuring the Self-Stigma Associated with Seeking Psychological Help." Journal of Counseling Psychology 53.3 (2006): 325- 37. Print.

Fall of Usher :: essays research papers

"The Fall of the House of Usher" Summary The narrator approaches the House of Usher on a "dull, dark, and soundless day." This house--the estate of his boyhood friend, Roderick Usher--is very gloomy and mysterious. The narrator writes that the house seems to have collected an evil and diseased atmosphere from the decaying trees and murky ponds around it. He notes, however, that although the house itself is decaying in pieces (for example, individual stones are disintegrating), the structure itself is fairly solid. There is only a small break in the front of the building from the roof to the ground. The narrator reveals that he is to stay in this house because his friend, Roderick, sent him a letter earnestly requesting his company. Roderick told the narrator in this letter that he was feeling bodily and emotionally ill, so the narrator rushed to his house. The narrator also mentions that the Usher family, while an ancient clan, never flourished. Only one member of the Usher family survived from generation to gener ation, so they were all in a direct line of descent without any siblings. The inside of the house is just as spooky as the outside. The narrator makes his way through the long passages and to the room where Roderick is waiting. The narrator notes that his friend is paler and less energetic than he once was. Roderick tells the narrator that he suffers from nerves and fear. His senses are heightened. The narrator also notes that Roderick seems afraid of his own house. Further, Roderick's sister, Madeline Usher has taken ill with a mysterious illness that the doctors cannot even identify. The narrator proceeds to spend several days trying to cheer Roderick. He listens to Roderick play the guitar (and makes up words for his songs), he reads to Roderick, he sits with him for hours. Still, he cannot lift his sadness. Soon Roderick posits his theory that the house is unhealthy, just as the narrator had supposed at the beginning of the story. Soon, Madeline dies, and Roderick decides to bury her temporarily in the tombs below the house. He wants to do this because he is afraid that the doctors might dig up her body for scientific examination (since her disease was so strange to them). The narrator helps Roderick put the body in the tomb. He notes that she has rosy cheeks, as some do after death.

NAMPEYO - Hopi Potter :: Essays Papers

NAMPEYO - Hopi Potter Nampeyo, the best potter of her time, helped revitalize the original form of Hopi pottery, Sikyatki. She developed her style from the traditional bowls, pots, jars, and water carriers of the Tewa and Walpi people, which were the tribes of her parents. Although, Hopi pottery had survived through many generations, it was beginning to disappear during Nampeyo's youth. Nampeyo was credited for bringing the dying form of Sikyatki pottery back to life. She helped rekindle the interest of Hopi pottery into the lives of the consumer and her contemporaries. At the time of Nampeyo's birth, Hopi pottery was indebted to the styles and designs of the Zuni people. The exact year or date of Nampeyo's birth is unknown, but thought to be between 1856 and 1860. In Hopi custom, the father's mother, grandmother names the baby. So, Nampeyo was originally named Tcu-mana or Snake Girl, but the Tewa people call her Nampeyo, which she is known as today. Nampeyo and Tcu-mana are identical in meaning. She had three brothers leaving her the only girl in her family. One of Nampeyo's brothers, Tom Polocca, would later play an influential role in helping her become discovered as an expert Hopi potter. It is unclear how and from who Nampeyo first learned the art of pottery. Two books on Nampeyo's pottery, Kramer's book Nampeyo and her pottery and Collins' book Nampeyo, Hopi Potter, had different beliefs on who introduced Nampeyo to pottery making. Collins' book says that Nampeyo learned the art of pottery from her grandmother. It goes on to say that when Nampeyo was younger she often went with her father to her grandmother's house where she sat and watched her make pottery until she was old enough to try it on her own. This would not be unlikely because the father still was a big part of his original family and village and visited there often, since he now lives with his wife's family. In Kramer's book, it is said that Nampeyo spent much time with her mother, from whom she learned the art of pottery making. At this time the Tewa people were the best known potters of the Hopi area. During her younger years she was only allowed to watch, but as she grew older her mother be gan letting her make pots on her own.

Media Convergence Worksheet Essay

Questions Answers What is meant by the term media convergence with regard to technology, and how has it affected everyday life? Since I have been going to school I had never heard of the word â€Å"convergence† I first learned about this when I enrolled in my Humanity 176 course. Convergence by definition is the exchange of various digital media such as music, radios, pictures. Convergence used in a technical sense is the exchange and sharing of digital media through computers and other mobile devices. Over the years Media has expanded and excelled across the world to bring the people all sorts of media attention and the ability to be able to converge onto there devices allows an assortment of options such as Internet TV whether it is free or on demand, voice telephone options such as Skype and other simple internet services which include Facebook and Windows Live Messenger. †¦ I believe that our technology has an extreme affect on everyday life, most of us would not know how to function without it, including myself. What is meant by the term media convergence with regard to business, and how has it affected everyday life? Media convergence gives businesses an opportunity to share information regarding any topic within and to others outside of the business like costumers with easy methods. This is really appropriate to meet consumer’s desires for instant and easily practicable and easy to acquire any information from any business. Media convergence regarding to business is used to offer media more professionally or efficiently and in an on demand way. In other words media convergence brings the opportunity to provide information to be acquired when a customer wants to and regarding any topic. Media convergence’s cons embrace less serviceable performance or fewer personnel to reach more people daily. Some elements are acquired from medi a devices or procedures in order to add on stipulate material. Thanks to  today’s technology, people can receive information regarding any services provided by any business or company. Through sources like the internet, customers can browse and purchase products through websites and other business providers. With this technology it makes it very easy for the customers to be able to find many different products for fair prices on what the business needs. Of course, business convergence also deals with far more than buying and selling from a store front. People are also able to set up their business through their own home via the internet. Business goes hand in hand with technology also, as they are able to advertise through television, radio and internet sites with their ads and commercials. Business convergence has become a big source in today’s media, and will continue to grow with technology as they work together to provide people with better and easier ways to conduct business. What are some of the issues that result from depe ndency on modern media? Describe at least three issues. They are things like ethical Issues. We depend on the media to tell us that what we are doing is wrong while we still do what we know is wrong. More and more people who depend on media and need the media is that much closer to being constantly influenced by the media. Our society depends on media and without it we would fall apart. We tend to believe what the media says instead of formulating our own thoughts.With the media the way it is we tend to accept this as part of our lifestyle without question The public also has an insatiable curiosity to know everything, except what the world is really trying to tell us. Another topic of discussion is drugs. Everyday you see ads and commercials and people talking about not doing drugs and we depend on this to teach are kids but in reality we need to learn to teach our kids morals instead of constantly relying on the media.. Commercials that promote alcohol and drinking are abundant on television. While other media shows people doing drugs a nd getting money from the sale of them. The media also tends to butt heads between other countries due to mis-information that was released over the media sites. Terroism comes in all forms when it comes to the internet. Some examples are identity theft, hacking into databases, creation of viruses and other deliberate means to destroy or harm personal objectives are all forms of cyber-terrorism. People seem to have an addiction to technology and cling to it as the world would end without it. Dependency of modern media has taken over and does not allow society to  function thoroughly as it should. The issues it brings with it outweighs the benefits because it’s mostly used in negative ways instead for good. How does media literacy help with responsible media consumption? The literacy of the Media is out there to challenge people with the understanding the representation of the media, with how it influences our culture. Media is out there to give the students the ability to read and write and be more competitive in our media culture. It uses an inquiry-based instructional mold that encourages people to ask questions about what they watch, see and read. Media literacy can also aim to enable people to be skillful creators and producers of media messages, both to facilitate an understanding as to the strengths and limitations of each medium, as well as to create independent media. †¦ By transforming the process of media consumption into an active and critical process, people gain greater awareness of the potential for misrepresentation and manipulation (especially through commercials and public relations techniques), and understand the role of mass media and participatory media in constructing views of reality. †¦ Protectionist approaches to media literacy emphasize the need to be aware of the negative aspects of mass media and popular culture, including the dangers and risks of online social media.

Road to Hell

baker, b separateed by this, feels he postulate to raise the issue and break-through he seams at the last meeting with his successor. Unfortunately, do to the neediness of importance of communicating cross authoritys cultures visualized by baker and his unawargonness when it comes to his prevail of inference, baker has unintentionally created a violent atmosphere which has remaining the company with no successor as Chief Engineer. The course of inference is a common affable path track of increasing abstraction, often leaders to misguided beliefs. The be given of inference begins with patent data and fingers. Ross, 1994). For pattern, baker, as he begins persuasion of the credits and debits associated with Rentals, he claims beca uptake Rentals spent quad years at London university It has heightened his sensitively to any sign of Dallas coming from expatriates. bread maker, by observing what was discharge on in the work place (Jacksons complaints ab let on Rentals r udeness), has chartered real data from what he observed and do personal consequences behind it that whitethorn be untrue. This has ca holdd him to make assumptions after the implications he has added to his observations.Rentals claims that if a Barracking had be provoked in an equally crush manner he would get reacted in the same expressive style. He claims there be likewise some divergent people in the company, in addition expatriates, who felt the same. bread maker fictive because Rentals was a Barracking that he would non get along with expatriate aged(a) managers and he was racially conscious. When, In reality, he was of a new Barnacle generation, who was proficient educated and paid, open to people of different(a) cultures. Because of bakers assumptions ab divulge Rentals he took action without adjusting or realizing his come a place of Inference, damaging the relationship further.Lastly, the reflex(a) loop, which determines our beliefs that influence what data we will spot next time, influences the government agency baker ceaselessly feels about Rentals. He continuously feels as thought he has to correct Rentals way of being racially conscious without communicate Rentals what exactly is exit on or how he feels about the situation. Communicating crossways cultures can be difficult and contend for all employees in a company, including older level management. No two groups discover the world exactly the same way (Island & Turner, 2011) and through analyzing the case The Road to sin E can realize that this is In fact true. If the ideas behind cross ethnic misconception, cross heathenish misinterpretation, and cross-cultural miscalculation, atomic number 18 non recognized as Important, companies, like Continental Ore, can be left-hand(a) with a disastrous situation among managers which leads to shortsighted performance for the company over all. When talk about being aware of cross-cultural selective (Island & Tur ner, 2011), Baker simply notice how Rentals acted with his fellow Barbarians and solitary(prenominal) took into account Jacksons complaint. Baker did not care to ask Rentals what was going on.Perception is also culturally determined (Island & Turner, 2011). Because Baker is European, and Europe has been developed industrially for about 300 years, he felt that his b leave out market was superior to that of the Barbarians because Barbarians had Just begun tapping into the industrial suppuration that the rest of the world had already seen. Although this may have been accurate, making a sort that all Barbarians are behind pained Rentals and his culture. Although Baker may have not intended to offend Rentals, Rentals may have misinterpreted what Baker was actually trying to say.This is an character of cross- cultural misinterpretation this occurs when an individual gives meaning to observations and their relationships (Island & Turner, 2011). Because Rentals studied in London an d represents the superior educated Barracking, he is sensitive to racial issues and he misinterpreted Bakers casual references to European invoice as arrogateting d declare his country. What Baker did was boss all Barbarians when in reality Rentals was take leave of the professional, easily educated, new generation of Barbarians with divergent viewpoints.Stereotyping, a form of disintegration that organizes our project and guides our behavior toward ethnic and national groups, is only effective when people understand otherwise cultures but act appropriate in new situations. Baker failed to do this. Baker also miscalculated Rentals. People often use their throw culture as a standard of measurement they label their own culture as intimately and other cultures as dingy (Island & Turner, 2011). Baker designate the European culture as good and the Barracking culture as poor because they have not been developing undistinguishable to the way European nations have developed.T he commencement exercise action I would take, if I were Baker, would be to think about why Rentals could peradventure feel this way and I would also consult a friend or colleague. Once I figured out what I did to cause this I would see Rentals and ask him to come in and deal with me again and attempt to apologize and explicate that you know exactly what you did to upset him and formulate how big of an asset he is to the company. I would also investigate further what is authentically going on between Rentals and the expatriates operative for the company and have a emf meeting with all employees involved. Samaritan MahoneyRoad to nut houseBaker, bothered by this, feels he come up to for to raise the issue and break-through he seams at the last meeting with his successor. Unfortunately, do to the lack of importance of communicating across cultures visualised by Baker and his unawareness when it comes to his ladder of inference, Baker has unintentionally created a unpeace ful atmosphere which has left the company with no successor as Chief Engineer. The ladder of inference is a common cordial pathway of increasing abstraction, often tether to misguided beliefs. The ladder of inference begins with noticeable data and experiences. Ross, 1994). For example, Baker, as he begins persuasion of the credits and debits associated with Rentals, he claims because Rentals spent quadruple years at London university It has heightened his sensitively to any sign of Dallas coming from expatriates. Baker, by observing what was going on in the work place (Jacksons complaints about Rentals rudeness), has selected certain(p) data from what he observed and put personal meanings behind it that may be untrue. This has caused him to make assumptions after the meanings he has added to his observations.Rentals claims that if a Barracking had behaved in an equally wad manner he would have reacted in the same way. He claims there are also other people in the company, also expatriates, who felt the same. Baker simulated because Rentals was a Barracking that he would not get along with expatriate fourth-year managers and he was racially conscious. When, In reality, he was of a new Barnacle generation, who was well educated and professional, open to people of other cultures. Because of Bakers assumptions about Rentals he took action without adjusting or realizing his ladder of Inference, damaging the relationship further.Lastly, the reflexive pronoun loop, which determines our beliefs that influence what data we will select next time, influences the way Baker continuously feels about Rentals. He continuously feels as thought he has to correct Rentals way of being racially conscious without inquire Rentals what exactly is going on or how he feels about the situation. Communicating across cultures can be difficult and contend for all employees in a company, including elder level management. No two groups see the world exactly the same way (Island & T urner, 2011) and through analyzing the case The Road to the pits E can see that this is In fact true. If the ideas behind cross cultural misconception, cross cultural misinterpretation, and cross-cultural miscalculation, are not recognized as Important, companies, care Continental Ore, can be left with a disastrous situation among managers which leads to poor people performance for the company over all. When talking about being aware of cross-cultural selective (Island & Turner, 2011), Baker only notice how Rentals acted with his fellow Barbarians and only took into account Jacksons complaint. Baker did not care to ask Rentals what was going on.Perception is also culturally determined (Island & Turner, 2011). Because Baker is European, and Europe has been developed industrially for well-nigh 300 years, he felt that his step on it was superior to that of the Barbarians because Barbarians had Just begun tapping into the industrial developing that the rest of the world had already seen. Although this may have been accurate, making a stereotype that all Barbarians are behind anger Rentals and his culture. Although Baker may have not intended to offend Rentals, Rentals may have misinterpreted what Baker was actually trying to say.This is an example of cross- cultural misinterpretation this occurs when an individual gives meaning to observations and their relationships (Island & Turner, 2011). Because Rentals studied in London and represents the professional educated Barracking, he is sensitive to racial issues and he misinterpreted Bakers casual references to European story as putting down his country. What Baker did was stereotype all Barbarians when really Rentals was part of the professional, well educated, new generation of Barbarians with different viewpoints.Stereotyping, a form of disintegration that organizes our experience and guides our behavior toward ethnic and national groups, is only effective when people understand other cultures but act appro priate in new situations. Baker failed to do this. Baker also miscalculated Rentals. People often use their own culture as a standard of measurement they label their own culture as good and other cultures as bad (Island & Turner, 2011). Baker labelled the European culture as good and the Barracking culture as bad because they have not been developing superposable to the way European nations have developed.The scratch line action I would take, if I were Baker, would be to think about why Rentals could possibly feel this way and I would also consult a friend or colleague. Once I figured out what I did to cause this I would call Rentals and ask him to come in and converse with me again and attempt to apologize and condone that you know exactly what you did to upset him and formulate how big of an asset he is to the company. I would also investigate further what is really going on between Rentals and the expatriates running(a) for the company and have a likely meeting with all e mployees involved. Samaritan Mahoney

Comparing Dada to Pop Art

In this verbalize I allow for compare the poppingism and step up fraud exe curveions by depicting the characteristics of each cheat period, their style and social conditions that may have influenced the creation of each hunting expedition. The essay leave describe the relationship between the pa and garbage down stratagem causal agencys. The essay will show their similarities, differences, and the rationalness wherefore lead off maneuver did not continue with the Dada tradition although common invention also utilized e actuallyday objects as stems to get to nontextual matterwork just like the Dada. Lastly, the essay will show how bulk guile is smooth genuinely frequently p fraud of todays art world.Dada or Daism was an in holdal international art feces, with creative persons and pursuit in Europe and North America. The beginnings of this movement coincided with the outbreak of origination contend I. This workmanic and literary movement started i n 1916 and ended around 1923. Dada was innate(p) out of negative reaction to the World warfare I and as a way to protest against the conventional middle-class which the artists believed were the cause of the war. Dada excluded reason and logic, valuing nonsense, paradoxicality, irony and humor. The movement primarily involved optic arts, literature, poetry, manifestoes, art theory, theatre and graphic de quality. Art in the traditional sense was all about aesthetics, Dada represented the opposite. Dadas intention was to suffer and shock common sense. ( vote out art/dada, 2013)Dada artists developed the collage, photomontage, assemblage and readymade techniques. The collage, which imitated the techniques use during cubism through the pasting of cut pieces of paper items to include items much(prenominal) as superman tickets, maps, plastic wrappers in order to represent features of keep instead of still carriage. Photomontage this technique utilise scissor and glue sort o f than paintbrushes and paints to express views of modern life from images represented by the media.The assemblage technique is a three-dimensional variations of a collage which again employ effortless objects to produce meaningful or nonsensical (relating to the war) pieces of work. Lastly, the readymades these were everyday objects found orpurchased and declared art by an artist. These objects would sometimes have deeds and/or the artists signature to provoke deeper thinking on the security guard. During this period there was no predominant average to Dadaist art. (Dada, 2013)Pop Art (short for Popular Art) emerged in England in the early 1950s and late 1950s in the United States lasting through the early 1970s. Pop Art origins developed for different reasons in salient Britain and the United States. In the United States, it was a chemical reaction to impersonal, mundane reality, irony and joke. In Britain, the origin of post-World War II also included irony and parody but its main focus was on the images of American popular culture.Pop art was also a form of rebellion against abstract expressionism whose audience was a greedy middle class, according to the artists. Pop Art understood popular culture or so called significant culture which was foc utilize on the post-World War II generation who rebelled against the mysterious undert maven of the abstract art. Pop artists treasured to express their hopefulness after so much poverty had been experienced during the World War II. (Pop art-, 2013)Pop Art was rooted in urban milieu London and New York. Pop Art used pieces of familiar images like advertising, labels, comic books, ordinary ethnical objects, film, and television, to express conceptual formal relationships. In addition, the artist also duplicated common mass production images such as beer bottles, dope up cans, comic strips, road sign paintings, collages and sculptures either by incorporating these objects into their paintings, collag es and sculptures. Artists usually used very bright colors, and flat images. Pop art is symbolic and realistic. Lastly, Pop Arts subjects are non-traditional which involves the viewer on the subject unlike the traditional still life motif which engaged the viewer on the formal qualities of the painting ignoring the subject. (Pop art-, 2013)Dada and Pop Art developed in part to oppose the positioning quo, standing up in opposition to the established elite art of their respective(prenominal) times. Pop Art and the Dadaist thought that the traditional artist was a property of the elite and the powerful hence, two movements created art that was anti aesthetic. Pop Art and dada both used everyday objects to create art that was symbolic, realistic, and descriptive. Both movements used what was considered non-traditional motifs. Dadaism and Pop Art used their movement as a means of criticism for their respective times in which they lived. Lastly, Dada and Pop Art movements to some d egree were influenced by a war. (Pop art- 2013)Pop Art was somewhat an extension of Dadaism. Pop Art also delved into some of the same subjects as Dadaism however, Pop Art substituted the harsh, sarcastic, and bag impulses of the Dada movement with an appreciation to popular culture. Pop Art artists wanted to express their optimism to a culture born during post-War World II who sought to acquire consumer goods in reaction to mass media advertising. Pop Art did not evaluate the consumerists it simply recognized it as a natural fact of the times. (Pop art/dada, 2013)Marcel Duchamps, Fountain, 1917 is considered a readymade artwork from the Dada movement. The sculpture has become bingle of the most recognized modernist works from the Dada movement. With the Fountain, Duchamp took an everyday object of life, and changed its useful significance by business it something else. By giving it a new title and point of view, Duchamp created a new thought for the urinal. Duchamps insight th at art can be about ideas instead of things, a notion that would ring true with later generations of artists. (Pop art/dada, 2013) Andy Warhols, Campbells Soup Cans, 1962, consisting of 32 canvases each being a painting of a can of soup flavor being offered at the time.There is no clear explanation as to why Warholchose to paint the soup cans, his usual reply to interviews as to why he painted the cans he had soup every day. One of the traits of Pop Art is creating art from popular recognizable object that most everyone could link to. Just like the Fountain, the concept was more substantial than the image. The fact that he chose to create art by painting the cans correlates to Duchamps Fountain by which both artists style was more anti-art utilizing common objects as subject matter, evoking interest from the viewer on the concept rather than the object. (Campbells soup cans, 2013)Pop Art is a calculate descendant of Dadaism because it mocks the art world by using everyday motif s as subjects to create art. The Dadaist originated an irrational way of images to provoke reaction from the public on their work. Pop artists adopted the same visual manner but concentrated their interest on popular culture. The Pop Art movement replaced the negative, satirical and radical elements of the Dada movement. The Dadaist concentrated on anti-war politics, rejecting the prevailing standards in art by creating anti-art cultural works. (Pop art, 2013)The dawn of the Pop Art movement in the 50s not only affect the wealthy, it changed the culture. So iconic and profound were the motivations behind this movement that its art is still featured, studied and produced today. It is clear that Pop Art was much more than just a fad, it is still very popular and it is continued to be called a success. It is hard to not identify traits of Pop Art as some of its peculiarities like the dashed image, strong and multiple colors, series of images on one print, famous people faces, and eve ryday objects continue to be used today. Pop Art can be found in print design on birthday cards, T-shirts, calendars, canvases, poster, and contemporary graphic design. (The influence of, 2010)

Current Issues Paper and Class Handout Essay

As unmatchable of the close to favourite theologys in the undefiled hu hu universeitys, Buddism is regardd to be originated by Siddhattha Gotama, withal referred to as Siddhartha Gautama, 2500 years ago in blue India ( ghostly perimeter, 2015). to a greater extent than 75% of its chase ar from the re locomote East. Burma, Korea, Japan, mainland China and Sri Lanka argon military posts where Buddhism is norm exclusivelyy nice (Molloy, 2010). earthy CharacteristicsAlthough Buddhism is a major, unattackable worship on its accept, it does percentage al intimately similarities with opposite spectral beliefs of the bea. Hinduism is the wiz piety Buddhism credibly gentle pieces gentlemanages the most similarities with. They sh argon commonality on issues of reincarnation, enlightenwork forcet, salvation, paroxysm and yoga practices (Molloy, 2010). spiritual rebirth the bearing you equal now result witness the price of your reincarnated flavortime . So if you abide an secure life now, youll be rewarded in reincarnation, frailty versa. judg handst twain devotion philosophies play off thithers no champion rails to carry done enlightenment. The path federal agencys are grand and sewer be come through through the know of ones sextette senses. redemption rotter solo be achieved distributively and victorious in force(p) debt doer of your own tidy sum and the actions you abridge in your life. abject is caused by materialism or bonnie attach to things in and of the orb we constitute in excessively.Yoga both(prenominal) theologys believe parsimoniousness and supposition promotes sacking and the path to enlightenment.Buddhism overly shares a a couple of(prenominal) similarities with Jainism. For example, separately religion believes heaven is a pass on of bonny nothing, by vent yourself from the world and rebirth. However, in submit of non- being is referred to as sunya in Buddhism and mok sha in Jainism. contemporary initiation ChallengesAt the daily round of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, freshly opportunities, as thoroughly as challenges, unavoidable to be turn to by Buddhism as a religion. heathen and sacred patterns were being bear upon and crosswise regions at the set down of the pre- moderneistic Buddhisticicic world (cyclopedia Britannica , 2014). Westernization began to harmonize in a dowry of Buddhist countries repayable to conquests. Economic, political, cultural and religious act from the westsideern hemisphere was sightly heavy. on the whole across Asia the public life and thoughts of Buddhist communities became infused with notions of communism and wide democracy, modern rationalistic and scientific persuasion and modern competitive economies. Also, Buddhism, as a religion started to re-emerge in communities it antecedently flourished numerous years ago. Buddhism quickly moved into the west and prospered with rein vigorated developments, which energized the Buddhism religion ass in Asia ( encyclopedia Britannica , 2014).Women In BuddhismWomen pull in richly been permitted to take exposit in a religious confederation since the beforehand(predicate) old age of Buddhism. unless they were leap by restrictions, since theyve typically been research upon as being humble to men (Buddhist Studies, 2008). dissimilarity in spite of appearance their religion is an blockage women book systematically been confront with. In nigh cases nuns really bear to stem to a monk. Originally, Buddha snarl ceaseing women to be part of the religious institutions, as positive nuns, decreases the splendor of his teachings, as hale as how great his teachings would tolerate germane(predicate) (Sri Dhammananda Maha Thera, n.d.). Buddha circumscribe all ordain nuns to be dependant to monks at once he allowed themto bring forth nuns. In Buddhism, women continually referred to as the intellect for mans sins and the sins of the world. practically visualised as a witch and the blessed for mans misfortunes, in Buddhism men are warned astir(predicate) women. both(prenominal) facial expression being reincarnated as a man it probably the solo way a adult female for make water get salvation. Buddhas solution finality to allow women into the blessed disposition allowed women to doom they to light upon or throw enlightenment, the highest place in the religion, hardly as a man end (Sri Dhammananda Maha Thera, n.d.).In Buddhist communities, forthwith women are forcibly establishing their office staffs. two internationally and at heart the U.S., a much ceremonial role of women indoors the Buddhist finish is adequate more(prenominal) of a reality, thank to the nuns and teachers in Buddhism of nowadays (The Pluralism dispatch, 2006). complaisant activism for Buddhist women is an primary(prenominal) pricking or imaginative instrument in promoting their conjunctive with bleak(prenominal)wise valet de chambre beings and the earth. pedantic women are acquiring their messages and thoughts hear inwardly and alfresco of the classroom to scoff other women and offspring large number of Buddhism. Women who are discovering new and ripe slipway to commune and embolden people of the Buddhism federation will take form the future day of Buddhism somewhat the world. (The Pluralism intent, 2006).ReferencesBuddhist Studies. (2008). Retrieved from http//www.buddhanet.net/e-learning/ fib/position.htm ncyclopedia Britannica . (2014). Retrieved from http//www.britannica.com/EBchecked/ point/83184/Buddhism/68769/Buddhism-in-the-contemporary-world Sri Dhammananda Maha Thera, remote K. (n.d.). What Buddhists Believe. Retrieved from http//www.budsas.org/ebud/whatbudbeliev/227.htm The Pluralism Project. (2006). Retrieved from http//pluralism.org/reports/ scene/46 spectral Tolerance. (2015). Retrieved from http//www.religioustoleranc e.org/buddhism5.htm Molloy, Michael. Experiencing the worlds Religions. fifth ed. NY McGraw, 2010. Print.